Cosmos-3

The Cosmos-3 was a Soviet carrier rocket derived from the R-14 missile which was used to orbit satellites between 1966 and 1968. It was quickly replaced by the modernized Kosmos-3M. The Cosmos-3M is a Russian space launch vehicle. It is a liquid-fueled two-stage rocket, first launched in 1967. The Kosmos-3M uses UDMH fuel and AK27I oxidizer (red fuming nitric acid) to lift roughly 1,400 kg (3,100 lb) of payload into orbit. It differed from the earlier Kosmos-3 in its finer control of the second-stage burn, allowing operators to tune the thrust and even channel it through nozzles that helped orient the rocket for the launching of multiple satellites at one time. PO Polyot manufactured these launch vehicles in the Russian town of Omsk for decades. The launch vehicle was retired in 2010.